John Mercer Langston papers, 1846-1930.

Howard University

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Howard University is a private, federally chartered historically black research university in Washington, D.C. Tracing its history to 1867, from its outset Howard has been nonsectarian and open to people of all sexes and races. The institution was named for General Oliver Otis Howard, a Civil War hero who was both the founder of the university and, at the time, commissioner of the Freedmen's Bureau. The U.S. Congress chartered Howard on March 2, 1867 and much of its early funding came from endow...

Langston, John Mercer, 1829-1897

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John Mercer Langston (December 14, 1829 – November 15, 1897) was an American abolitionist, attorney, educator, activist, diplomat, and politician. An African American, he became the first dean of the law school at Howard University and helped create the department. He was the first president of what is now Virginia State University, a historically black college. Born free in Virginia to a freedwoman of mixed race and a white planter father, in 1888 Langston was elected to the U.S. Congress as...

Virginia Normal and Collegiate Institute

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United States. Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands

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The Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, usually referred to as simply the Freedmen's Bureau, was a U.S. federal government agency that aided distressed freedmen (freed slaves) in 1865–1869, during the Reconstruction era of the United States. The Freedmen's Bureau Bill, which created the Freedmen's Bureau, was initiated by President Abraham Lincoln and was intended to last for one year after the end of the Civil War. It was passed on March 3, 1865, by Congress to aid former slaves ...